The Amendment And The Congressional Apportionment Amendment

There have been many amendments that have made their way through the congress since first the constitution was instated. A few, however, never made it into the United States constitution. There were six amendments that were never ratified into the constitution. Some were justified in their reasons for not being ratified, but then there are some which to this day no one quite understands why they were not ratified into the constitution. In Americans attempt to be a fair and just country, its government made many different decisions that were later written into a simple document that would have such an impact on a nation and even the world. The six amendments that did not make the cut were either later rewritten or forgotten completely but here in this paper all six will be looked at and analyzed. The six amendments are Congressional Apportionment Amendment, Title of Nobility Amendment, Corwin Amendment, Child Labor Amendment, Equal Rights Amendment, and District of Columbia Voting Rig hts Amendment. The first amendment discussed is the Congressional Apportionment Amendment. This amendment would strictly regulate the size of congressional districts for representation in the House of Representatives. This amendment was actually the first in the original proposal for the Bill of Rights. Among other provisions, the amendment stated that after the House grew beyond 200 members, there would be no more than one representative for every 50,000 citizens. Eleven states ratified theShow MoreRelatedThe Size Of The House Of Representatives891 Words   |  4 PagesIn 1787, one of the most debated issues was the size of the House of Representatives. During the Constitutional Convention, the delegates proposed that 40,000 citizens should be represented by one congressional district. However, George Washington intervened and argued that 40,000 was too high, and reasoned that 30,000 was more reasonable and allow people to be represented adequately Washington’s proposal was incorporate d in Article One, Section Two of the Constitution which states â€Å"representativesRead MoreMiller Vs. Johnson Case707 Words   |  3 Pagesis the manipulation of district boundaries in a way that creates a political advantage in elections by putting a large group of people who are likely to vote for a certain party in one district. In the case of Miller v. Johnson 1995, only one congressional district in Georgia was primarily African-American between 1980 and 1990. However, in 1990, Georgia’s black population was at 27%, and many African-Americans felt that they were being underrepresented. Georgia’s General Assembly was prompted toRead MoreSchool1611 Words   |  7 PagesPart 1: Chart House vs Senate | | | | | | HOUSE | SENATE | 1 | Size | 453 | 100 | 2 | Length of term | 2 years | 6 yrs | 3 | Term limits? | No limit | No limit | 4 | Election schedule: how often | | | 5 | Apportionment of representatives: which is by state and which is by district | District | State | 6 | Minimum age | 25 | 30 | 7 | Minimum citizenship | 7 years | 9 years | 8 | Inhabitant of state represented (for how long) | 7 years | 9 years | 9 |Read MoreA Map Of The United States852 Words   |  4 Pages When looking at a map of the United States, it can be seen that it is very cut and dry. The borders of states are straight, cut at right angles, and distributes the land proportionally. The same cannot be seen or said for Congressional districts. The intention is to evenly divide up the States even further but instead, it is based on the state populations. It can also be apparent that the drawing of the districts in recent years has been less than about population numbers, but as to who the populationRead MoreEssay on The Electoral College1528 Words   |  7 Pageschoose electors or the apportionment of electors. Finally they had chosen a system of electing a president. Winston Churchill later said, the electoral college system is probably the worst possible method of choosing a president-except for all the others (Glennon 3). States went three main routes in choosing electors: the legislative system, where state legislatures choose the electors; a district system, where electors are selected by the people of each congressional district; and the generalRead MoreAmendments Essay 82136 Words   |  9 PagesAmendments Main article: List of amendments to the United States Constitution The Constitution has a total of 27 amendments. The first ten, collectively known as the Bill of Rights, were ratified simultaneously. The following seventeen were ratified separately. [edit] The Bill of Rights (1Ââ€"10) United States Bill of Rights currently housed in the National Archives Main article: United States Bill of Rights The Bill of Rights comprises the first ten amendments to the Constitution. Those amendmentsRead MoreA Brief Look Into American Tax Structure1282 Words   |  6 Pages A Brief Look Into American Tax Structure GAAP vs. IRS Tax Accounting CJ Moore Highline CC January 19, 2014 Prior to the ratification of the Sixteenth Amendment of the American Constitution, the majority of the income received by the federal government was through tariffs and excise taxation (Pollack, 2013). Tariffs are taxes â€Å"levied by governments on the value including freight and insurance of imported products (Tariffs and Import Fees, 2014)†. Excise taxes are â€Å"taxes paid when purchasesRead MoreA Government Agency With Fice Of Quality, Performance, And Oversight1471 Words   |  6 Pagespayers’ money and have legislative policies to comply with. The different phases of the VA’s budget cycle are described by the Department of the Treasury as â€Å"life cycles† and include the following; Executive budget formulation and transmittal, congressional action, budget execution and control, audit and review. (VA.gov/finance). The VA has endured harsh public and political criticism for their health care backlogs and erroneous disability claims in the past years. Therefore, Legislation has proposedRead MoreThe Voting Rights Act 421809 Words   |  8 PagesAlaskan languages, and Asian languages. Some of the changes to the new amendment within the Voting Rights Act prohibited literacy tests as a requirement for voter registration. It also required jurisdictions with large minority language speaking populations to have non-English speaking ballots as well as oral voting instructions that conformed to the language minorities within their districts. Additionally, the new amendments to the Voting Rights Act also protected minorities from voter dilutionRead MoreThe Electoral College System Is Outdated And Unfair1670 Words   |  7 Pageschose the president (Edwards 12). What is the elector college? There are two stages in the Electoral College collection. The first stage is the collection of the popular votes in all fifty states except for Nebraska and Maine, those states use congressional districts to choose their electors (Schumaker 12). The presidential candidates that get the popular mass in each state win the electoral votes that the constitutional provisions grant (Schumaker 12). The last stage inheres of the national count

The Social Issue Regarding Teen Pregnancy - 756 Words

Purpose: The social issue regarding teen pregnancy is still very prevalent in the United States. Teen pregnancy is a huge issue because it is known to have a negative effect on the mother and most importantly the child. An initial study was conducted on two teenage mothers prior to having their child. The researcher wanted to further investigate the same population for a better understanding of teenage motherhood. The purpose of case study was to examine the perceptions of two adolescent mothers. The investigator wanted to survey the participants in hopes of understanding their views of adolescent pregnancy before giving birth and after giving birth. Method: The participants were from a small urban community. There were eight females who participated in the initial study. All eight were contacted for further investigation however, two agreed to participate. The participants were interviewed in the privacy of their own home with their child present. The researcher used an audiotape to record the responses to the open ended questions. The interview was very conversational as the investigator allowed the participants to elaborate and speak freely about their experiences. The interview carefully interpreted both of the participant’s responses to ensure accurate information. After an hour and half of collecting data from the participants, they both were given an opportunity to withdraw their thoughts and opinions however they both declined. That data was collected andShow MoreRelatedTeen Pregnancy Is A Serious Issue982 Words   |  4 PagesThe social issue I will be addressing throughout my paper is teen pregnancy. The term teen preg nancy is referring to teens between the ages of 13-19 who become pregnant (Akella Jordan, 2015). Despite the fact that teen pregnancy rates have dropped within the past twenty years, United States continues to have the highest rates of teen pregnancy in comparison to all other developed nations ( Akella Jordan, 2015). Teen pregnancy is a serious issue for a multiplicity of reasons. A teenager who hasRead MoreResearch on Teen Pregnancy in Los Angeles County1223 Words   |  5 PagesTeen Pregnancy in Los Angeles There is presently much controversy regarding teen pregnancy, considering that many countries in the developed world experience a rise in adolescent pregnancies in spite of the fact that effective programs are installed in these areas. Teen pregnancy has been a major issue in Los Angeles in the recent years, but the fact that state authorities have been actively involved in combating the problem has generated positive results. It is probable that the struggle for abstinenceRead MoreTeen Pregnancy1426 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Teen pregnancy is often unplanned and challenging for the future life of mother and child. The increase risk of health problems for both mother and baby occur during teen pregnancy. Teen pregnancy impacts adolescent development in all aspects: physical, emotional, cognitive, and social development. Negative consequences result from teen pregnancy include: low income, increased school dropout rates, lower educational levels, and increased rates of substance abuse (Garwood, Gerassi, ReidRead MoreTeenage Pregnancy Is A Public Health Issue1637 Words   |  7 Pagesto 2013 from 29.4 to 26.5. In fact, the birth rate has been on a steady decline over the past 20 years, from 61.8 in 1991 to 26.5 in 2013. Teenage pregnancy represents both a health and social inequality in our society. Specifically, teenage childbearing is a public health issue because teenage mothers are more likely to experience negative social outcomes such as dropping out of school. This is a self-reinforcing cycle, as children of teenage mothers face higher chances of poor academic achievementRead MoreTeen Pregnancy : A Social Issue1371 Words   |  6 PagesTeen pregnancy is a very controversial social issue and the vast majority of Americans consider the outrageous rate of teen pregnancies a severe issue, certainly a problematic occurrence that is believed to be a moral decline in our country. Teenagers are physiologically capable of reproducing but not emotionally or financially prepared to be parents at such a tender age. Through various research studies a plethora of determinants has pin pointed teens unprecedented pregnancies. One cause of thisRead MoreThe Controversy Regarding Teenage Pregnancy: The Essential Role of Education and Good Parenting1270 Words   |  5 Pagesis presently much controversy regarding teenage pregnancy and the probability of its chances being reduced by education and good parenting. The surrounding environment plays an essential role when considering teenage p regnancy and it is thus very important for teenagers to be provided with proper education and a positive environment in order for them to be able to understand the difference between right and wrong. One of the most important things about teen pregnancy is that society as a whole needsRead MoreEffects Of Social Media On Teen Pregnancy Essay1400 Words   |  6 PagesEffects of Social Media on Teen Pregnancy Does social media impact teenagers in a positive or negative manner? With the advent of social media, it is unclear what to expect from it and the influence it brings to the society. According to various research studies in the field of online social networks, it has been revealed that these sites are impacting the lives of the youth greatly. When using sites such as Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, and many others, there are both positive and negative effectsRead MoreTeenage Pregnancy And Teen Pregnancy Essay1611 Words   |  7 Pages Teen Pregnancy Meshia Williams Just because teenage pregnancy has decreased does not mean the problem is solved. Nearly all teenage pregnancies are unplanned. Teen mothers are nearly twice as likely to forgo prenatal care in the first trimester. This sets up complications along with health problems, costs, responsible fatherhood, education, and risky behavior. Babies are having babies before they’re even fully developed themselves; the environment, and media along with other things are all factorsRead MoreTeenage Moms That Are Still In High School Get Pregnant1391 Words   |  6 Pagesare still in high school get pregnant at a young age, and are not able to support themselves or their child. There were just under a quarter million pregnancies in women ages fifteen to nineteen in 2014. About eighty-five percent of these pregnancies are unplanned, which in any population can increase the risk for problems. The biggest risk for teen mothers is delaying prenatal care or worse, about seven percent received no c are at all. According to CDC, In 2014, almost 250,000 babies were bornRead MoreAdolescent Parenthood : An Issue Of Public Concern For Many Years1267 Words   |  6 Pagesparenthood has been an issue of public concern for many years. Adolescent parenthood has been the subject of numerous articles, public health reports, and public debate. So what makes adolescent parenthood such a popular topic of discussion and a reoccurring social problem? How does an adolescent parent relate to such public issues as education, poverty, and family? Researchers conduct literature reviews and original research in an effort to find a resolution to decrease adolescent pregnancy/parenthood and

Essay on Genetic Engineering Is Not Safe - 990 Words

Genetic engineering is the intended modification to an organism’s genetic makeup. There have been no continuing studies on this topic or action so there is no telling whether or not it is harmless. Genetic engineering is not safe because scientists have no absolute knowledge about living systems. Given that, they are unable to do DNA surgery without creating mutations. Any interference on an organism’s genetic makeup can cause permanent damage, hereditary defects, lack of nutritious food, or a spread of dangerous diseases. Even through the downsides of genetic engineering scientists have had a few breakthroughs. It can help us in our farming needs and also drugs for animals, and pesticides. For agriculture, engineering is used for†¦show more content†¦Now that there are new technologies, scientists are capable of helping doctors by creating life-saving technology. If a person is bleeding excessively and lacks the correct gene, doctors would insert a gene into their DNA so that a healing process in that person is now possible. Cloning is the production of something that is genetically identical to each other. The word cloning is the time when people get hesitant about the process of genetic engineering. When the word â€Å"clone† is used people automatically assume that an exact twin or ‘clone’ is developed, this isn’t the case. Through cloning scientists may be able to reverse the aging process, or come up with medical processes that can save hundreds of people’s lives. Say someone was involved in a serious accident. They are rushed to the hospital and after all that is done they are still given a 85% chance to survive. They are currently lacking an organ to sustain a stable body. Embryonic stem cells can be grown to produce organs or tissues to repair or replace damaged ones, this is credited to biotechnology. There are other possibilities that come with cloning and biotechnology, but with reward there is risk. With cloning, infertile couples could have children, but the child may have a mutation if not done with the utmost precision. Also because of human cloning and its technology the days of silicone breast implants and other cosmetic procedures that mayShow MoreRelatedGenetic Modification : Genetically Modified Organism1067 Words   |  5 Pages Genetic modification will improve life everywhere by helping to feed the hungry and curing the sick. GMO stands for genetically modified organism. According to the New Oxford American Dictionary, this means an organism containing genetic material that has been artificially altered so as to produce a desired characteristic. Generally, genetic modification happens one of two ways. First, picks the organism with desired traits and breeds it to another with the same traits, making the desired traitsRead MoreGenetic Engineering: Brave New World1012 Words   |  5 PagesGenetic engineering has been around for many years and is widely used all over the planet. Many people don’t realize that genetic engineering is part of their daily lives and diet. Today, almost 70 percent of processed foods from a grocery store were genetically engineered. Genetic engineering can be in plants, foods, animals, and even humans. Although debates about genetic engineering still exist, many people have accepted due to the health benefits of gene therapy. The lack of knowledge has alwaysRead MoreGenetic Engineering And The Human Existence1193 Words   |  5 Pages Why is genetic engineering crucial to the human existence? Initially, genetic engineering, also called genetic modification, is the process of manually adding new unique DNA into an organism. The objective is to add one or numerous new traits that are not already constructed in that particular organism. New DNA inserts in the host genome and immediately isolates and replicates the gene of interest by using molecular cloning methods to synthesize a DNA sequence; then inserting this construct intoRead MoreGenetically Modified Organisms And The Health Of The Population1177 Words   |  5 PagesGenetic engineering (GE) is the process of modifying organisms, usually to perfect them in some way. This process involves the changing of gene sequences in an organism by inserting different genes from two or more species into the chromosome of the organism being modified (Genetically Modified Food). GE is used in a wide variety of organisms including plants, animals, and, crops. The purpose of using these techniques in crops is to improve the quality of them. GE can yield multiple benefitsRead MoreShort Essay On How To Feed The Planet1596 Words   |  7 Pagesthrough the process of genetic engineering. This process allows scientists to directly change the genome of a plant to eliminate undesired traits and elevate desired traits. Humans haven’t always been able to directly alter the genome, but since the beginning of agriculture theyve bred crops with desired traits through selective breeding and crossbreeding. These processes allowed early farmers to create stronger crops and although it wasn’t as effective as modern genetic engineering, it paved the roadRead MoreBenefits Of Genetically Modified Foods1647 Words   |  7 PagesMost people consume genetically modified, or GM, foods every day without even being aware. While some do avidly monitor their food consumption and avoid GM foods, others simply eat GM foods because, to them, GM foods seem safe to consume. In â€Å"Genetically Modified Foods Are Not Safe to Eat,† osteopath, Joseph Mercola, advocates his concerns of consuming GM foods and stresses that more people need to be aware of what they eat. Even though some may still disagree that genetically modified foods are unsafeRead MoreHuman Genetic Engineering : Ethical Or Not?1117 Words   |  5 PagesKendal Gower Professor Fountain English 101 17 September 2014 Human Genetic Engineering: Ethical or Not? If man could prevent his child from having Tay Sachs Disease, Cystic Fibrosis, Down Syndrome and other life threatening genetic disorders, should he be able to? Using human genetic engineering, scientists have developed the skills and techniques to do just this. Human genetic engineering, however, is fairly new in the science world and many questions and unresolved problems still remain. ThisRead MoreGenetic Engineering Is The Making Of New Genetic Material Of An Organism From Pre Made Material1119 Words   |  5 PagesPeter Miller Mrs. Knetter IB Biology February 23rd 2016 Genetic engineering is the making of new genetic material of an organism from pre-made material. Generically, it uses ancient practises of selecting a certain organism to breed and hybridize. Genetic engineering is done by involving the manipulating the DNA. Restriction enzymes are used produced by different species of bacteria. Vectors are important in the DNA manipulation which carry fragments of DNA from organism to organism calledRead MoreGenetic Engineering : A World Where Autism And Downs Syndrome1270 Words   |  6 PagesGenetic Engineering Imagine a world where autism and downs syndrome are a thing of the past, and where there is no shortage on food for anybody. Over the years mankind has developed and improved technology to save more and more lives through the manipulation of the DNA that makes up all living organisms. However, there are those who oppose this approach. Despite the risks and ethical concerns, genetic engineering holds the potential to benefit humanity through both direct and indirect means. InRead MoreBenefits Of Genetic Engineering711 Words   |  3 PagesShould genetic engineering be allowed? â€Å"With genetic engineering, we will be able to increase the complexity of DNA, and improve the human race.† - Stephen Hawking. Genetic engineering is the genetic modification of an organism’s phenotype, also known as an organism’s genetic makeup. Genetic engineering can have its advantages and disadvantages, but I believe there are more advantages than disadvantages. There are a number of benefits that we can only discover if scientists consider to study and

Project Execution and Control Financial Risk

Question: Discuss about theProject Execution and Controlfor Financial Risk. Answer: Risk Management Plan Risk Identification and Assessment The possible risks for this case study are as follows. Financial Risk Due to the large size of the stadium, the cost of construction will be significantly high. Hence, there is a very high chance for financial risk. The main reason behind this risk will be inaccurate cost estimation during the project planning phase (Phillips, 2013). For instance, let the estimated cost for the stadium construction is $15 million. On the other hand, the actual cost of construction comes out to be $25 million. In this case, the company will lose a huge amount of funds. This will significantly reduce the cost benefit that has been estimated during the project planning. Hence, accurate cost estimation is necessary to avoid financial risks. Poor Quality of Materials The stadium is a huge structure that will hold more than 40,000 spectators during a game. Hence, it is important that the stadium be built with the best quality of materials in order to avoid accidents during a game. Even small accidents can cause fatalities in the crowd. Poor quality materials will result in high chances of accidents when the stadium is fully packed with spectators. Accidents Another major risk during the construction phase is unforeseen accidents. This mainly occurs due to mishandling of large instruments like cranes, lifters and others (Turner, 2014). Due to these accidents, some on-site workers may lose their lives. Hence, it is necessary to be careful during the execution of the construction phase. Other Risks There are chances of other risks as well that include political, social, cultural and others. These risks can be mitigated if proper precautions are taken before the execution of the project. The following table shows the risk register including risk probabilities and impacts. Type of Risk When Risk Can Occur Response to Risk Consequence of Risk (e.g., High/Low) Likelihood of Occurrence Priority Financial During and after the project Extra funds, new sponsorship deals Extreme High High Poor Quality Materials After the project Selection of reliable vendors for the supply of materials Extreme Medium High Accidents During construction Installation of first aid and safety structures, controlled operations of large instruments High Low Medium Other Risks (Political, Social, Environmental, etc.) Throughout the course of the project Compliance with government and construction rules and guidelines Medium Low Medium Risk Management and Reporting In order to mitigate the risks identified for this project, the company needs to develop risk mitigation strategies for the project. The suggested mitigation strategies are provided as follows. Financial Risks For avoiding financial risk, it is important to avoid errors in cost estimation during the project planning phase. Hence, the company should take up a suitable strategy for cost estimation. For this purpose, the company should execute more market analysis studies to learn the changes in prices of the materials that are needed for the construction (Klakegg, 2016). Moreover, the contractors should be chosen with some fixed contracts so there are no deviations from the costs spent to pay the contractors. Finally, the company should use softwares for more accurate cost estimations and cost benefits. Another recommendation is that during project planning and cost estimation, the company should also consider some buffer budget that can be used during emergencies. Poor Quality Materials The company can call tenders for selection of a suitable vendor of the materials needed for the construction of the stadium. The terms of the contract should be such that the vendor provides the best qualities of materials or legal actions will be taken against them. Accidents The company must take suitable steps to minimize chances of accidents during the construction. Safety equipments and first aid systems must be used to ensure safety of the on-site workers (Liu, Meng Fellows, 2015). Moreover, extra precautions should be taken in order to prevent mishandling of large equipments that result in serious and fatal accidents. Other Risks The company should ensure the project is executed by following legal, government and environmental policies and guidelines. Necessary legal paperwork must be done and signed before the project is executed so that there are no further complications in the future. Stakeholder Roles Stakeholders play the most important roles in mitigating the risks encountered during the project. During the risk management activities, the project manager must take an active part and ensure the project is executed by following all the construction rules and guidelines. Moreover, he should also ensure proper safety measures are taken during execution of the construction (Cagliano, Grimaldi Rafele, 2015). The financial manager should ensure the cost estimation process is accurate and the project costs should not exceed the project budget by a long margin. The construction manager should ensure the qualities of materials are not poor and the operations are executed carefully and within safe environment. References Cagliano, A. C., Grimaldi, S., Rafele, C. (2015). Choosing project risk management techniques. A theoretical framework.Journal of Risk Research,18(2), 232-248. Klakegg, O. J. (2016). Project Risk Management: Challenge Established Practice. Liu, J., Meng, F., Fellows, R. (2015). An exploratory study of understanding project risk management from the perspective of national culture.International Journal of Project Management,33(3), 564-575. McNeil, A. J., Frey, R., Embrechts, P. (2015).Quantitative risk management: Concepts, techniques and tools. Princeton university press. Paul, V. K., Basu, C. (2016). Scenario Planning and Risk Failure Mode Effect and Analysis (RFMEA) based Management.Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management,6(2), 24-29. Peixoto, J., Tereso, A., Fernandes, G., Almeida, R. (2014). Project Risk Management Methodology: A Case Study of an Electric Energy Organization.Procedia technology,16, 1096-1105. Phillips, J. (2013).PMP, Project Management Professional (Certification Study Guides). McGraw-Hill Osborne Media. Turner, J. R. (2014).The handbook of project-based management(Vol. 92). New York, NY: McGraw-hill.